{"id":32965,"date":"2025-08-01T17:22:26","date_gmt":"2025-08-01T17:22:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wbowe.com\/2025\/08\/01\/le-bilan-des-90-jours-du-maire-byrne-2\/"},"modified":"2026-02-09T19:08:17","modified_gmt":"2026-02-09T19:08:17","slug":"le-bilan-des-90-jours-du-maire-byrne-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wbowe.com\/fr\/2025\/08\/01\/le-bilan-des-90-jours-du-maire-byrne-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Le bilan des 90 jours du maire Byrne"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Bilan<\/span>

Byrne 90-Day Report Card 1979<\/h2>

1979 Chicagoland Magazine<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>

<\/div><\/div>
Suivant<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/div>

\"Tribune

Mike Royko est fier d’\u00eatre un habitant de Chicago<\/p><\/div>\nI<\/span>Lors de l’\u00e9lection primaire d\u00e9mocrate de 1975 pour la mairie, le Chicago Tribune avait refus\u00e9 de soutenir l’un ou l’autre des candidats, d\u00e9clarant qu’il s’agissait de savoir \u00ab\u00a0s’il fallait rester \u00e0 bord du galion sans gouvernail aux poutres pourries ou affronter les mers d\u00e9cha\u00een\u00e9es \u00e0 bord d’un hors-bord de 17 pieds\u00a0\u00bb. Au moment o\u00f9 Don Rose a rejoint Byrne pour g\u00e9rer sa campagne, les \u00ab\u00a0poutres pourries\u00a0\u00bb de la machine d\u00e9mocrate s’\u00e9taient plus compl\u00e8tement \u00e9rod\u00e9es. Et l’ancienne commissaire \u00e0 la consommation, Jane Byrne, a non seulement eu la t\u00e9m\u00e9rit\u00e9 de se pr\u00e9senter contre le choix de la machine pour le poste de maire, mais elle avait aussi une personnalit\u00e9 dure, terre-\u00e0-terre et combative qui contrastait fortement avec son adversaire r\u00e9serv\u00e9 et fade.<\/p>\n

La circonscription lib\u00e9rale de longue date du bord du lac dans la 5e circonscription de la ville, dans le quartier Hyde Park de l’universit\u00e9 de Chicago, et les circonscriptions ind\u00e9pendantes plus r\u00e9centes du bord du lac, repr\u00e9sent\u00e9es par Simpson et Singer, l’ont solidement soutenue. Elle a \u00e9galement profit\u00e9 de l’opposition croissante \u00e0 la machine dans la communaut\u00e9 noire.<\/p>\n

Mais ce qui l’a vraiment mise en avant, ce sont les 35 pouces de neige qui sont tomb\u00e9s dans les deux semaines pr\u00e9c\u00e9dant les \u00e9lections primaires du 27 f\u00e9vrier 1979. Elle avait \u00e9t\u00e9 accueillie comme un effondrement des efforts de d\u00e9neigement de la ville, habituellement plus efficaces. \u00c0 l’issue des primaires, Byrne a recueilli 51 % des voix et Bilandic 49 %.<\/p>\n

La chronique de Mike Royko dans le Chicago Sun-Times<\/em> a imm\u00e9diatement d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que, de mani\u00e8re assez surprenante, les habitants de Chicago avaient d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de vaincre enfin la machine. Il a remerci\u00e9 ceux qui ont vot\u00e9 pour elle et a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 : \u00ab\u00a0Aujourd’hui, je suis plus fier d’\u00eatre un habitant de Chicago que je ne l’ai jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 dans ma vie\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Peu de temps apr\u00e8s l’\u00e9lection de Jane Byrne au poste de maire lors des \u00e9lections g\u00e9n\u00e9rales d’avril 1979, j’ai \u00e9crit un article pour le num\u00e9ro d’ao\u00fbt 1979 du Chicagoland Magazine<\/em> afin d’\u00e9valuer les trois premiers mois de son mandat.<\/p>\n

Au cours de mon examen de ses premiers r\u00e9sultats, j’ai d’abord jet\u00e9 un coup d’\u0153il au contexte plus large de l’\u00e9volution de la politique de Chicago dont elle \u00e9tait issue. Pour Richard J. Daley, les ann\u00e9es 1970 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 la p\u00e9riode la plus difficile de sa domination de plusieurs d\u00e9cennies sur la politique de la ville, et la grande machine de patronage qu’il avait mise au point \u00e9tait consid\u00e9rablement affaiblie au moment de sa mort en 1976. Tout au long des ann\u00e9es 1970, la croissance de l’opposition ind\u00e9pendante se poursuit, tout comme la d\u00e9saffection de l’\u00e9lectorat noir.<\/p>\n

Comme le rappelle l’article ci-dessous, le d\u00e9but de la mairie de Jane Byrne a expos\u00e9 les graines qui allaient pousser dans les ann\u00e9es suivantes et emp\u00eacher sa r\u00e9\u00e9lection en 1983 :<\/p>\n

Il coupe, il hache, il tourbillonne comme un derviche. Il tourne, il joue aux d\u00e9s, il change de direction aussi vite que A. Robert Abboud. Il fait de la viande hach\u00e9e \u00e0 partir de trempettes avec un simple coup de langue. Il aime bien m\u00e9langer les choses. Un nouveau robot de cuisine r\u00e9volutionnaire, demandez-vous. Pas du tout. C’est La Machine de Byrne.<\/em><\/p>\n

Si Daley \u00e9tait le Christopher Wren de la Machine, Bilandic \u00e9tait sa Cleveland Wrecking Company. Par la seule force de son impersonnalit\u00e9, il a \u00e9rod\u00e9 de mani\u00e8re syst\u00e9matique et d\u00e9vastatrice la perception qu’avait le public que quelqu’un dirigeait et contr\u00f4lait une tr\u00e8s grande ville, tr\u00e8s agit\u00e9e et tumultueuse. <\/em><\/p>\n

Et, en fait, il n’\u00e9tait pas en charge, ayant d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9 la politique du poste \u00e0 Tom Donovan, l’ancien fonctionnaire non \u00e9lu de Daley charg\u00e9 du patronage. Pendant que Chicago Byrne, Bilandic a bricol\u00e9 : il a fait du jogging, augment\u00e9 le prix des taxis et cuisin\u00e9 sur la cha\u00eene 11. Ou du moins, c’est ce qu’il semblait.<\/em><\/p>\n

C’en \u00e9tait trop pour les quartiers, peu importe ce que disaient les chefs de quartier, la plupart des gens r\u00e9alisaient que s’ils ne prenaient pas les choses en main pour une fois et ne mettaient pas une personne plus coriace dans ce bureau du 5\u00e8me \u00e9tage, ils seraient bloqu\u00e9s par la neige, les nids de poule, les ordures, et peut-\u00eatre m\u00eame vol\u00e9s \u00e0 mort. Ironie des ironies, la ville des grandes \u00e9paules a confi\u00e9 la direction du magasin \u00e0 un petit politicien en talons hauts et a rel\u00e9gu\u00e9 le titulaire masculin dans la relative tranquillit\u00e9 d’un cabinet d’avocats de la rue LaSalle. Le l\u00e9gendaire \u00ab\u00a0Man on Five\u00a0\u00bb s’est m\u00e9tamorphos\u00e9 en \u00ab\u00a0Women on Five\u00a0\u00bb, et \u00e0 Chicago en plus !<\/em><\/p>\n

Il est clair que Byrne avait l’une des bouches les plus rapides \u00e0 l’est de Cicero. Mais son instinct, sa combativit\u00e9 politique et son sens de l’humour se traduiront-ils par des r\u00e9sultats satisfaisants lorsque les questions de fond seront abord\u00e9es ? Nous disposons maintenant d’un certain nombre de preuves et la r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 cette question est plut\u00f4t mitig\u00e9e. Elle ne l’a pas encore prouv\u00e9, mais il semble au moins que Chicago ait \u00e0 nouveau un maire. Prenons trois questions qui sont apparues tr\u00e8s t\u00f4t : les nominations, les condominiums et le projet Crosstown. <\/em>….<\/p>\n<\/div>

Suivant<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/div>
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